Typical Causes of Hyperkalemia

•Increased release from cells:

•Hemolysis [leaking from mechanically damaged RBC]

•Metabolic acidosis

•Primary adrenal insufficiency

•Insulin deficiency

•Increased tissue catabolism

•Beta adrenergic blockade

•Exercise

•Reduced urinary excretion of K+

•Hypoaldosteronism (clinically important in the context of underlying renal disease)

•Renal failure

•Type 4 renal tubular acidosis